Kumaxesha anamhlanje okukhathalela indalo esingqongileyo namandla awonga amandla, impompo yobushushu engama-R290 kunye nempompo yobushushu eyi-R32 yimixholo eshushu. Zombini zinyanzelekile izisombululo zokufudumeza, kodwa yeyiphi eyona ingcono kwiinkqubo zokumpompa ubushushu ezimbini? Eli nqaku liphonononga lo mbuzo kwaye lihlalutye kwiinkalo ezintlanu eziphambili: ukungafani kokusetyenziswa kwamandla, ukusebenza kokufudumeza, ukusebenza kokusingqongileyo, iimfuno zofakelo kunye nokugcinwa, kunye nokungafani kwexabiso, ukufumaneka kunye nokugcinwa kwexesha elizayo.
Yintoni umahluko ekusebenzeni kwamandla phakathi kwempompo yobushushu engama-R290 kunye nempompo yobushushu engama-R32? Yeyiphi eyonga amandla ngakumbi kwaye isebenzayo?
1. Impembelelo yegreenhouse enokubakho:
Ifriji esetyenziswa kwiimpompo zokushisa ze-R290 yipropane, ifriji yendalo. Inamandla okunciphisa i-ozone kunye ne-greenhouse effect ephantsi kakhulu, eyenza ukuba ihambelane nokusingqongileyo.Isikhenkcezisi esisetyenziswa kwiimpompo zobushushu ze-R32 yi-difluoromethane, ekwathathwa njengokhetho olulungele ukusingqongileyo, kodwa ine-GWP ephezulu kancinci kune-R290.
2. Ukusebenza kakuhle kobushushu:
Impompo yobushushu engama-R290 inokusebenza kakuhle kwe-thermal kwaye iyakwazi ukubonelela ngokufudumeza okungaphezulu okanye umthamo wokupholisa ngokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi. Oku kuthetha ukuba iyakwazi ukuguqula amandla ngokufanelekileyo kwaye inciphise inkcitho yamandla.Iimpompo zobushushu ze-R32 nazo zinomgangatho ophezulu wokuthomalalisa ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa zinokuba ngaphantsi kancinane kuneempompo zobushushu ezingama-R290.
3. Uluhlu lobushushu:
Iimpompo zobushushu ze-R290 zilungele uluhlu olubanzi lwamaqondo obushushu, kubandakanywa izicelo zobushushu obuphantsi kunye nobushushu obuphezulu.
Iimpompo zobushushu ze-R32 zisebenza ngcono kuluhlu lobushushu obuphakathi ukuya phezulu, kodwa zinokucuthwa ekusebenzeni kwazo kwindawo eziphantsi kakhulu okanye eziphezulu kakhulu.
Lilonke, impompo yobushushu eyi-R290 ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezinkulu malunga nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nokulungelelana kokusingqongileyo. Ayisiyiyo kuphela isiphumo esisezantsi se-greenhouse, inokubonelela ngokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-thermal kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezinjengeemfuno ezithile zesicelo, iimeko zokusingqongileyo kunye nokwenzeka nazo kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo xa ukhetha impompo yokushisa efanelekileyo. Ngoko ke kucetyiswa ukuba uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwempompo yokushisa lukhethwe ngokukhokelwa ngumsebenzi wokubonisana.
Yeyiphi ebonelela ngokusebenza ngcono kokufudumeza kwiimozulu ezahlukeneyo, impompo yobushushu engama-R290 okanye impompo yobushushu eyi-R32?
Iimpompo zokufudumala ze-R290 kunye neempompo zobushushu ze-R32 zinemihluko ethile ekusebenzeni kokufudumeza, kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lemozulu.
1. Iimozulu ezibandayo:
Kwiimozulu ezibanda kakhulu, iimpompo zobushushu ezingama-R290 zihlala zisebenza ngcono. Ipropane (i-R290) inomsebenzi ophezulu wokudlulisa ubushushu, okuvumela ukuba unikeze ukufudumeza okusebenzayo nakwiqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kakhulu. Oku kwenza iimpompo zobushushu ezingama-R290 zifumaneke ngokubanzi kwiindawo ezibandayo ezifana noMntla Yurophu okanye kwiindawo eziphakamileyo.
2. Iimozulu ezishushu nezifumileyo:
Kwiimozulu ezifudumeleyo nezifumileyo, iimpompo zobushushu ze-R32 zinokufaneleka ngakumbi.I-R32 ine-GWP ephantsi kwaye ilungelelaniswe nemekobume apho kufuneka ukupholisa nokupholisa ixesha elide. Oku kwenza ukuba iimpompo zobushushu ezingama-R32 zixhaphake kakhulu kwimimandla esemazantsi eYurophu okanye kwiindawo ezishushu nezifumileyo.
3. Iimozulu ezipholileyo:
Kwimozulu epholileyo, zombini iimpompo zokufudumala zinokubonelela ngokusebenza kakuhle kokufudumeza. Nangona kunjalo, i-R290 inokusebenza ngokungaphezulu kancinci kwezo meko zemozulu ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu kokugqithisela ubushushu. Umzekelo, kwimozulu epholileyo kuMbindi Yurophu okanye kummandla weMeditera, iimpompo zobushushu ezingama-R290 zinokwamkelwa ngokubanzi.
Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ngaphezu kweemeko zemozulu, izinto ezifana nokugquma kwesakhiwo kunye noyilo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yempompo yokushisa kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kokufudumala. Ngoko ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba udibane nenjineli ye-HVAC yobungcali okanye umcebisi wamandla xa ukhetha impompo yobushushu efanelekileyo ukuze uvavanye kwaye ukhethe enye ngokusekelwe kwiimeko ezithile zemozulu kunye nokusingqongileyo.
Uthini umahluko ekusebenzeni kokusingqongileyo phakathi kwempompo yobushushu eyi-R290 kunye nempompo yobushushu eyi-R32? Yeyiphi ehambelana kakhulu nemigangatho yokusingqongileyo yaseYurophu?
Kukho umahluko phakathi kwe-R290 kunye ne-R32 iimpompo zobushushu ngokubhekiselele ekusebenzeni kokusingqongileyo. Olu lulandelayo luthelekiso phakathi kwabo:
1. Ukuncipha kweOzone layer: I-R290 (ipropane) inesakhono esisezantsi sokuncipha kwe-ozone kwaye ihambelana nokusingqongileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba akukho monakalo omncinci kwi-ozone layer xa usebenzisa i-R290 kwinkqubo yempompo yobushushu.
2. Ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yobushushu: I-R32 (i-difluoromethane) kunye ne-R290 (ipropane) zombini zizikhenkcisi ezinokukhutshwa kwegesi yobushushu obuphantsi. Banexesha elifutshane lokuhlala kwi-atmosfera kwaye benza igalelo eliphantsi kubushushu behlabathi. Nangona kunjalo, i-R32 ingaphezulu kancinane kune-R290 ngokwe-GWP (Global Warming Potential) yeegesi ze-greenhouse.
3. Ukutsha: I-R290 yirhasi enokutsha, ngelixa i-R32 ingatsha kangako. Ngenxa yokutsha kwe-R290, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo eyongezelelweyo malunga nokhuseleko nokusetyenziswa, njengokungena komoya kakuhle kunye nofakelo olululo.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba zombini ii-R290 kunye ne-R32 zezona zikhethwayo zokusingqongileyo ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa neefriji zemveli ezifana ne-R22 kunye ne-R410A. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa nayiphi na ifriji, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufakelo olufanelekileyo kunye neekhowudi zokusebenzisa zilandelwe kwaye izikhokelo zomenzi kunye nemimiselo yendawo zilandelwe.
EYurophu, imimiselo emalunga neefriji kunye neenkqubo zokumpompa ubushushu zisekelwe kulawulo lwe-EU lwe-F-gesi. Ngokwalo mmiselo, i-R32 ithathwa njengokhetho olulungele ukusingqongileyo ngenxa yesakhono sayo sokukhutshwa kwerhasi yobushushu obuphantsi (ixabiso leGWP).
Ngokukodwa, i-R32 inexabiso le-GWP lama-675 xa kuthelekiswa nexabiso le-GWP le-R290 le-3. Nangona i-R290 inexabiso eliphantsi le-GWP, kukho imiqobo malunga nokhuseleko nokusetyenziswa kwayo ngenxa yokutsha kwayo okuphezulu. Ngoko ke, i-R32 lolona khetho luxhaphakileyo nolwamkelwe ngokubanzi kwimigangatho yokusingqongileyo yaseYurophu.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba imigangatho kunye nemimiselo yokusingqongileyo inokutshintsha ngokuhamba kwexesha ukulungiselela ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kunye nokwazisa ngokusingqongileyo. Ngoko ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba uhlale uthobela iimfuno zolawulo lwasekhaya kunye nelizwe xa ukhetha inkqubo yempompo yobushushu kunye nokubonisana nenjineli ye-HVAC yobungcali okanye umcebisi wamandla kwimigangatho yamva nje yokusingqongileyo kunye neengcebiso.
Ukuthelekisa iimpompo zokushisa ze-R290 kunye neepompo zokushisa ze-R32, ngaba ukufakwa kwazo kunye neemfuno zokugcinwa kwazo ziyafana? Yeyiphi ekulula ukuyigcina?
1. Iimfuno zofakelo: Ngokufakela, iimpompo zokushisa ze-R290 kunye ne-R32 zihlala zifuna izixhobo ezifanayo kunye namacandelo enkqubo. Oku kubandakanya i-compressors, i-heat exchangers, i-valve yokwandisa, njl. Ngexesha lofakelo, umbhobho ofanelekileyo, ukudibanisa kombane kunye nokugunyaziswa kwenkqubo kufuneka kuqinisekiswe.
2. Iingqwalasela zokhuseleko: Ngeempompo zokushisa ze-R290, ukhuseleko luyingqwalasela ebalulekileyo ngenxa yendalo enokutsha yepropane. Abafaki kunye nabasebenzi bokulondoloza kufuneka balandele iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokhuseleko kunye nezilumkiso, kubandakanywa ukungena komoya okulungileyo kunye nokukhusela umlilo. Ngokuchaseneyo, iimpompo zobushushu ze-R32 zinemiqathango embalwa yokhuseleko kule ndawo.
3. Iimfuno zokugcina: Iimpompo zokufudumala ze-R290 kunye ne-R32 zifana ngokubanzi malunga nokugcinwa kwesiqhelo. Oku kubandakanya ukucocwa rhoqo kunye nokutshintshwa kweefilitha, ukuhlolwa kunye nokucocwa kotshintshiselwano lokushisa, ukujonga ukudibanisa kombane kunye neenkqubo zokulawula, njl. Nangona kunjalo, iimfuno ezithile zokugcinwa kwazo zixhomekeke kwinkqubo ethile yempompo yokushisa kunye neengcebiso zomenzi.
Ngokumalunga nokugcinwa, iimpompo zobushushu ze-R32 zithathwa ngokuba kulula ukuzigcina. Oku kungenxa yokuba iimpompo zobushushu ezingama-R32 azikwazi ukutsha kakhulu njenge-R290 kwaye ngoko ke amanye amanyathelo okhuseleko ngexesha lolondolozo awaxhaphakanga. Ukongeza, iimpompo zobushushu ezingama-R32 zinesabelo esikhulu semarike kunye nenkxaso yobugcisa kunye neenkonzo zogcino zifumaneka lula.
Naluphi na umpompo wokushisa owukhethayo, ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokunikezelwa kwenkonzo kuyacetyiswa ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokuthembeka kwexesha elide lenkqubo yakho. Landela izikhokelo zomenzi kunye neengcebiso kwaye ulandele imimiselo yendawo yokufakela kunye nokugcinwa. Ukuba kuyafuneka, ukudibana nenjineli ye-HVAC yobuchwephesha okanye umboneleli wempompo yobushushu unokubonelela ngesikhokelo esineenkcukacha.
Ngaba kukho nawuphi na umahluko obonakalayo phakathi kwe-R290 kunye ne-R32 yeempompo zobushushu xa kuqwalaselwa ixabiso, ukufumaneka kunye nokugcinwa kwexesha elizayo?
1. Ixabiso: Ngokubanzi, iimpompo zobushushu ezingama-R290 zinokubiza ngaphezulu kancinci kuneempompo zobushushu ezingama-R32. Oku kungenxa yokuba iinkqubo zempompo yobushushu ezingama-R290 zifuna imilinganiselo yokhuseleko eyongezelelekileyo ukuze imelane nokutsha kwepropane, enokunyusa iindleko zokwenziwa nokufakwa.
2. Ubukho: Kweminye imimandla ukufumaneka kweempompo zobushushu ezingama-R32 kunokuba kuxhaphake kakhulu. Ngenxa yesabelo esikhulu semalike yeempompo zobushushu ezingama-R32 kumazwe amaninzi, kudla ngokuba lula kubaboneleli nabafakeli ukuba bafumane isitokhwe kunye nenkxaso yeempompo zobushushu ezingama-R32.
3. Ukulungiswa nokugcinwa: Ngokumalunga nokulungiswa, iimpompo zobushushu ze-R32 zinokuba lula ukuzisebenzisa. Ngenxa yesabelo esikhulu semarike yeempompo zobushushu ezingama-R32, inkxaso yobugcisa kunye neenkonzo zokulungisa zixhaphake ngokufumaneka. Ngokwahlukileyo, iimpompo zokushisa ze-R290 zinokufuna ukufumana umboneleli wenkonzo oyingcali, njengoko ingqwalasela eyongezelelweyo ifunekayo ukutsha kwepropane.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba iyantlukwano kwixabiso, ukufumaneka kunye nokugcinwa kunokwahluka ukusuka kummandla ukuya kummandla. Xa ukhetha inkqubo yempompo yokushisa, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthelekise kunye nababoneleli abaninzi kunye nabafakeli kunye nokubonisana nochwepheshe ngolwazi oluthile malunga nexabiso, ukufumaneka kunye nenkxaso yokugcinwa.
Ukongeza, ixabiso, ukufumaneka kunye nokugcinwa kuphela ezinye zeengqwalasela ekukhetheni impompo yokushisa. Eminye imiba ebalulekileyo ibandakanya iimfuno zentsebenzo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, ukulungelelana kokusingqongileyo kunye nokuziqhelanisa neemfuno zeprojekthi ezithile. Qwalasela yonke imiba kunye ukwenza olona khetho lungcono lwempompo yobushushu.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jun-16-2023