Iimpompo zokufudumala zilungile kwi-wallet yakho-kunye nehlabathi.
Yeyona ndlela inexabiso eliphantsi nesebenzayo yokuphatha ukufudumeza kunye nokupholisa ikhaya lakho, nokuba uhlala phi. Zikwangcono kwimo engqongileyo. Ngapha koko, uninzi lweengcali ziyavuma ukuba zezinye zeendlela ezilungileyo zokuba abaninimzi banciphise unyawo lwabo lwekhabhoni kwaye bavune izibonelelo zekamva eliluhlaza ngaphandle kokuncama intuthuzelo. Ngamanye amazwi, baphumelele.
“Siye sabona izisombululo zemozulu njengeengca zephepha njengento embi kakhulu kunaleyo siyiqhelileyo. Kodwa kukho iindawo apho wonke umntu uzuza khona, kwaye ndicinga ukuba iimpompo zokufudumala zingumzekelo omhle waloo nto, "utshilo u-Alexander Gard-Murray, PhD, ingcali yezoqoqosho kwezopolitiko kwiYunivesithi yaseBrown kunye nombhali-mbhali we-3H Hybrid Heat Homes: Inkqubo yenkuthazo Yenza umbane wokufudumeza indawo kunye nokunciphisa iiBhili zaMandla kuMakhaya aseMelika. “Bathe cwaka. Banikezela ngolawulo ngakumbi. Kwaye kwangaxeshanye, baza kunciphisa imfuno yethu yamandla kunye nokukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse. Ngoko ayikokugcina nje. Kukuphucula umgangatho wobomi.”
Kodwa kusenokuziva kunzima ukukhetha impompo yobushushu ekulungeleyo, okanye ukwazi ukuba ungaqala phi ukujonga. Sinako ukunceda.
Yintoni impompo yobushushu, kunjalo?
"Impompo yokushisa mhlawumbi yeyona nto inkulu abathengi abanokuyenza ukuze bancede ukulwa nengxaki yemozulu," utshilo u-Amy Boyd, umlawuli womgaqo-nkqubo weZiko le-Acadia, uphando lwengingqi kunye nombutho okhuthazayo ogxile kumgaqo-nkqubo wamandla acocekileyo kuMntla-mpuma. Iimpompo zobushushu ziyenzeka ukuba zibekwe phakathi kwezona ndlela zithuleyo nezitofotofo ezikhoyo zokufudumeza ikhaya kunye nokupholisa.
Iimpompo zobushushu ziyindlela ezimbini zokupholisa umoya. Ehlotyeni, zisebenza njengayo nayiphi na enye iyunithi ye-AC, zisusa ubushushu emoyeni ngaphakathi kwaye zityhala umoya opholileyo ubuyele egumbini. Kwiinyanga ezipholileyo, benza okuchaseneyo, batsala amandla obushushu avela emoyeni ngaphandle kwaye bawafudusele ekhayeni lakho ukuze bafudumale. Inkqubo isebenza ngokufanelekileyo, isebenzisa isiqingatha samandla amaninzi ngokomndilili kuneminye imithombo yombane yokufudumala ekhaya. Okanye, njengoko uDavid Yuill weYunivesithi yaseNebraska–Lincoln wasixelelayo, “Ungafaka iwathi yombane kwaye ufumane iiwathi ezine zobushushu kuyo. Kufana nomlingo.”
Ngokungafaniyo nomlingo, nangona kunjalo, kukho ingcaciso elula kakhulu yesi siphumo: Iimpompo zobushushu kufuneka zihambise ubushushu kuphela, endaweni yokubuvelisa ngokutshisa umthombo wamafutha. Nkqu nesona sithando somlilo esisebenza ngegesi okanye ibhoyila alize liguqule i-100% yepetroli yalo libe bubushushu; ihlala ilahlekelwa yinto kwinkqubo yokuguqulwa. Isifudumezisi esikwaziyo ukumelana nombane sikunika ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-100%, kodwa kusafuneka kutshiswe iiwatts ukuvelisa obo bushushu, kanti impompo yobushushu ihambisa nje ubushushu. Impompo yobushushu inokukongela, ngokomyinge, phantse i-$1,000 (6,200 kWh) ngonyaka xa kuthelekiswa nobushushu be-oyile, okanye malunga ne-$500 (3,000 kWh) xa kuthelekiswa nokufudumeza kombane, ngokweSebe lezaMandla lase-US.
Kwiindawo apho igridi yamandla ixhomekeke ngakumbi kwizinto ezihlaziyiweyo, iimpompo zobushushu zombane nazo zikhupha ikhabhoni encinci kunezinye iinketho zokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa, zonke ngelixa zibonelela ngokuphindwe kabini ukuya kwesihlanu amandla okufudumeza ngaphezulu kwamandla obeka kuwo, ngokomyinge. Ngenxa yoko, impompo yobushushu yinkqubo ye-HVAC ehambelana nokusingqongileyo elungele isipaji sakho, ngokunjalo. Uninzi lweempompo zobushushu zisebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-inverter, evumela ukuba icompressor iqhube ngesantya esithe kratya kunye nezantya eziguquguqukayo, ke usebenzisa kuphela inani elichanekileyo lamandla ayimfuneko ukugcina intuthuzelo.
Ngubani lo
Phantse nawuphi na umninikhaya unokuxhamla kwimpompo yobushushu. Cinga ngemeko kaMike Ritter, owafudukela kwikhaya elineentsapho ezimbini elineminyaka eli-100 ubudala eBoston’s Dorchester nentsapho yakhe ngo-2016. d kufuneka ndiyibuyisele kwakamsinyane ngokwaneleyo. Emva kokufumana iingcaphuno ezimbalwa kwiikontraka, washiyeka eneendlela ezimbini zokukhetha: Wayenokuchitha i-6,000 yeedola ukufaka itanki entsha yegesi esekwe kwifosili kwigumbi elingaphantsi, okanye angafumana impompo yobushushu. Nangona ixabiso lilonke lempompo yobushushu lijonge ukuba liphezulu ngokuphindwe kahlanu ephepheni, impompo yobushushu nayo yeza nesaphulelo seedola ezingama-6,000 kunye neminyaka esixhenxe, imali-mboleko yenzala yemali-mboleko yokuhlawula zonke iindleko, ngenxa yenkuthazo yelizwe laseMassachusetts. inkqubo yokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwempompo yobushushu.
Emva kokuba enze izibalo—ethelekisa iindleko ezintingayo zegesi yendalo nezombane, kwakunye nokulinganisa ifuthe lemekobume, ecaleni kweentlawulo zenyanga—ukhetho lwalucacile.
“Ngokunyaniseka, sothukile ukuba singayenza loo nto,” utshilo uRitter, umfoti ozimeleyo, emva kweminyaka emine yobunini bempompo yobushushu. “Asenzeli ugqirha okanye igqwetha imali, kwaye besingayi kulindela ukuba sibe luhlobo lwabantu olunobushushu obuphakathi kunye nokupholisa endlwini yabo. Kodwa kukho isigidi seendlela onokuthi usasaze ngazo iindleko kwaye ufumane izaphulelo kwaye ufumane iikhredithi zamandla. Ayisiyonto ingaphezulu kwale osele uyichithela amandla ngoku.”
Ngaphandle kwazo zonke izibonelelo, kukho phantse ngokuphindwe kabini abantu baseMelika abaninzi abathenga indlela enye ye-ACs okanye ezinye iinkqubo ezingasebenziyo kunokuba kukho ukuthenga iimpompo zobushushu ngonyaka, ngokutsho kophando luka-Alexander Gard-Murray. Emva kwayo yonke loo nto, xa inkqubo yakho yakudala isilela, kuyavakala ukuba utshintshe into ebikhona ngaphambili, njengoko iRitters inokuba nayo. Siyathemba ukuba esi sikhokelo sinokukunceda ucwangcise kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali lokuphucula ngokwenene. Ngaphandle koko, uya kubambelela kwenye i-HVAC engasebenzi kakuhle, enekhabhoni kwishumi leminyaka elizayo. Kwaye loo nto ayilunganga nakubani na.
Kutheni kufuneka usithembe
Kudala ndibhalela i-Wirecutter ukusukela ngo-2017, ndigquma izixhobo zomoya eziphathwayo kunye neefestile zomoya, iifeni zegumbi, izifudumezi zendawo, kunye nezinye izihloko (kubandakanya ezinye ezinganxulumananga nokufudumeza okanye ukupholisa). Ndiye ndenze ingxelo enxulumene nemozulu kwiivenkile ezifana ne-Upworthy kunye ne-Weather Channel, kwaye ndagubungela iNkomfa yeMozulu yaseParis ka-2015 njengenxalenye yentsebenziswano yobuntatheli kunye neZizwe eziManyeneyo. Ngo-2019, ndayalelwa yiYunivesithi yaseCornell ukuba ndenze umdlalo opheleleyo malunga neempendulo zoluntu kutshintsho lwemozulu.
NjengoMike Ritter, ndikwangumninimzi eBoston, kwaye bendijonge indlela efikelelekayo nezinzileyo yokugcina usapho lwam lushushu ebusika. Nangona inkqubo yeradiyetha yombane yangoku ekhayeni lam isebenza kakuhle ngokwaneleyo okwangoku, bendifuna ukwazi ukuba bekukho ukhetho olungcono, ngakumbi kuba loo nkqubo iya isiba mdala. Ndandikhe ndeva ngeempompo zokufudumeza—ndandisazi ukuba abamelwane basekhaya banazo—kodwa ndandingazi ukuba zibiza malini, zisebenza njani, kwanokuba ndiza kuzithenga njani. Ke esi sikhokelo saqala xa ndandiqala ukufikelela kwiikontraka, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo, abanini-zindlu, kunye neenjineli ukufumana eyona nkqubo isebenzayo yeHVAC enokusebenza ekhayeni lam, kunye nokufumana ukuba iya kwenza ntoni kwi-wallet yam ekuhambeni kwexesha.
Indlela yokukhetha impompo yobushushu efanelekileyo yekhaya lakho
Iimpompo zokufudumala ngokubanzi ziyingcamango enkulu ngokufanelekileyo. Kodwa isigqibo sifumana udaka oluncinci xa uzama ukucutha ukuba yeyiphi impompo yobushushu ethile ekufuneka uyifumene. Kukho izizathu zokuba abantu abaninzi bangaphumi nje baye kwi-Home Depot kwaye bazise ekhaya nayiphi na impompo yobushushu abayifumanayo kwiishelufa. Unokude uodole enye ngokuthunyelwa simahla kwiAmazon, kodwa asizukucebisa ukuba wenze oko, nokuba kunjalo.
Ngaphandle kokuba sele ungumhlaziyi wekhaya onamava, kuya kufuneka ufumane unokontraka ukuze akuncede kuhambo lwakho lwempompo yobushushu-kwaye indlela esebenza ngayo imeko yakho iya kuxhomekeka kwinani lezinto, kuquka uhlobo lwekhaya ohlala kulo. ngaphakathi, kunye nemozulu yendawo yakho kunye neenkqubo zenkuthazo. Yiyo loo nto endaweni yokucebisa eyona mpompo yobushushu kubantu abaninzi, size neendlela ezisisiseko zokukunceda ujonge inkqubo yokuphucula inkqubo yeHVAC ekhayeni lakho.
Ngenjongo yesi sikhokelo, sijonge ngokukodwa kwiimpompo zobushushu bomthombo womoya (ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba ziimpompo zobushushu “zomoya ukuya emoyeni”). Njengoko igama labo libonisa, ezi modeli zitshintshisa ubushushu phakathi komoya okujikelezileyo kunye nomoya ongaphandle. Iimpompo zobushushu bomoya ukuya emoyeni yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo kumakhaya aseMelika kwaye zezona zilungelelaniswa ngokulula kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo zokuhlala. Nangona kunjalo, unokufumana ezinye iintlobo zeempompo zobushushu, ezitsala ubushushu kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo. Impompo yobushushu be-geothermal, umzekelo, itsala ubushushu emhlabeni, obufuna ukuba ugrumbe iyadi yakho kwaye ugrumbe iqula.
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Amanye amanqaku athathwe kwi-Intanethi. Ukuba kukho naluphi na ulwaphulo-mthetho, nceda uqhagamshelane nathi ukuze ulucime. Ukuba unomdla kwiimveliso zempompo yobushushu, nceda uzive ukhululekile ukuqhagamshelana nenkampani yempompo yobushushu ye-OSB, silolona khetho lwakho.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-26-2022